Expression Of Interest Are Invited For Angola Water Sanitation And Hygiene Wash Sector Diagnostic Institutional Analysis

Expression Of Interest Are Invited For Angola Water Sanitation And Hygiene Wash Sector Diagnostic Institutional Analysis Request For Expressions Of Interest Assignment Title Angola Water Sanitation And Hygiene Wash Sector Diagnostic Institutional AnalysisAssignment Overview The World Bank Group Wbg Is Working With The Government Of Angola Goa To Undertake An Analysis Of The Wash Sector To Inform The Goa Wbg And Development Partners On Policies Strategies And Practices Designed To Improve The Quality Of Wash Services And Increase Overall Human Development The Objective Of This Assignment Is Two Fold I To Conduct A Rapid Institutional Assessment And Political Economy Analysis To Identify Key Service Delivery Constraints Their Enabling Environment And Likely Solutions That Will Achieve The Greatest Impact On Overall Human Development And Ii To Conduct A Comprehensive Overview And Analysis Of The Use Of Subsidies In Angolas Water Sector With A View To Formulating An Improved Design And Allocation Of Subsidies These Activities Will Provide Critical Technical And Analytical Inputs To Support The Wbg And Goa To Develop Key Policy Recommendations To Guide Policymakers Across Agencies Sectors And Regions In The Implementation Of Measures To Improve The Efficiency And Sustainability Of The Wash Sector In Support Of Broader Policy Goals Designed To Achieve The Sustainable Development Goals Sdgs And Improve Human Development The Assignment Should Include An Overview Of The Entire Wash Sector With A Detailed Focus On Urban Areas And The Sanitation Subsector Assignment Countries AngolaAssignment Description 1 BackgroundThe Millennium Development Goals Mdgs Focused On Increasing Overall Access To Water And Sanitation Despite Considerable Success The Emphasis On Expanding Access As Measured At The National Scale Failed To Address Persistent Inequalities Inherent In The Water Sanitation And Hygiene Wash Sector And Neglected The Multidimensional Nature Of Wash The Sustainable Development Goals Sdgs Adopt A Broader Approach Aimed At Tackling These Disparities By Expanding The Focus To Include Water Quality Hygiene And Water Resources Management To Actively Address Inequalities In The Wash Sector Stakeholders Need To Better Understand The Level And Quality Of Access To Services Across Scales And Geographies Links Between Inadequate Wash Services And Overall Human Development And The Binding Constraints To Improving Service Delivery In The Angola Context The Majority Of The Countrys Estimated 29 3 Million People 66 Percent Live In Urban Areas Including 7 7 Million In The Capital Region Of Luanda And Angolas Rate Of Urbanization 4 32 Percent Is Estimated To Be The Twelfth Highest In The World And Significantly Above The Global Average Of 1 9 Percent Combined With The Worlds Second Highest Population Growth Rate Of 3 52 Percent Angolas Rapid Urbanization Is A Constraint To Service Provision And Presents A Real Risk Of Increased Fragility Conflict And Violence Fcv Furthermore Despite Considerable Public Investment In Wash Services Since The Conclusion Of The Civil War In 2002Including Two Significant Wbg Operations Water Sector Institutional Development Project I Wsidp I P096360 And Wsidp Ii P151224 The Vast Majority Of Efforts Have Concentrated On Expanding Access To Water While Comparatively Less Has Been Done To Address Access To Sanitation And Hygiene Given This Backdrop Of Increasing Urban Pressure And The Sanitation Gap This First Foray Into Evaluating Angolas Wash Sector Will Focus Primarily On Urban Areas With A Specific Emphasis On The Sanitation Subsector Wash Context Since The End Of The Civil War In 2002 Angola Has Increased Access To Improved Water Services Through Public Investment Initially Through The Construction Of Stand Posts Into Previously Underserved Urban Areas And More Recently Through Individual Household Connections Nationally Access To At Least Basic Drinking Water Has Nonetheless Remained Roughly Static Rising From Only 38 To 41 Percent Between 2000 And 2015 This Contrasts Against A Regional Average That Rose From 45 To 58 Percent Over The Same Period This Lack Of Progress Can Be Partially Explained By The Wide Geographic And Wealth Disparities Between Urban And Rural Areas And Within Urban Areas In Particular Between Provincial Capitals As A Result The Gap Between The Highest 76 Percent And Lowest 25 Percent Regions In Angola With Access To At Least Basic Water Remains Large At 51 Percent To The Contrary Access To At Least Basic Sanitation Has Improved Significantly Rising From 20 To 39 Percent From 2000 To 2015 Against A Regional Backdrop That Saw An Increase In Access Of Only 3 Percent From 25 To 28 Percent Despite A Significant Decrease In Open Defecation Od One Third Of The Population Continues To Practice Od A Figure Well Above The Regional Average Of 23 Percent Only Limited Data Are Available On Excreta Management And Disposala Gap This Diagnostic Aims To Fill Current Jmp Estimates Suggest 28 Percent Of The National Population Had Access To Septic Tanks As Of 2015 An Increase From 0 Percent In 2000 Access To Sewerage Increased From Only 6 To 7 Percent Over The Same Period Commensurate With The Regional Average Of 5 Percent To Date There Has Been A Strong Focus On Water And The Goa Has Emphasized The Institutional Development Of The Water Sector Committing To Establishing Necessary Policy And Legal Frameworks With The Aim Of Improving Urban Water Supply Specifically Between 2013 And 2016 Sixteen Provincial Water And Sanitation Utilities Pwsus Were Created As A First Step Towards Independent Service Providers With The Support From Wsidp I And Ii The Goa Has Begun The Separation Of Policy Regulatory And Service Delivery Functions Necessary To Promote Equitable Service Delivery And The Sustainability Of Investments Including The Establishment Of A Regulatory Office For Water Supply Instituto Regulador Dos Servi os De Electricidade E gua E Saneamento De Aguas Residuais Irsea In 2016 Several Bilateral Agencies As Well As The Wbg Have Supported The Goas Focus On Water Including Efforts To Rehabilitate Water Supply Systems And Expand Access To Improved Water Sources China In Particular Has Been Key In Providing Financing For Investments Made Under The Goas Public Investment Program Pip With Approximately Us 734 Million Over A Period Of 7 Years These Pip Investments Have Primarily Been In Rehabilitation And Reconstruction Of Water Production And Treatment Which Were A Key Bottleneck To Improving Water Services In A Number Of Provincial Cities As Well In Constructing Boreholes And Protected Wells To Serve Public Stand Posts In Peri Urban Areas In Order To Extend Services To Previously Underserved Areas Human CapitalHuman Capital Consists Of The Knowledge Skills And Health That People Accumulate Throughout Their Lives Enabling Them To Realize Their Potential As Productive Members Of Society Developing Human Capital Can End Extreme Poverty And Create More Inclusive Societies This Requires Investing In People Through Nutrition Health Care Quality Education Jobs And Skills The Recently Launched Human Capital Index Hci Was Developed By The World Bank Group And Combines Measures Of Health And Education For Girls And Boys Into A Single Index To Predict Their Productivity In Working Age Angola Is Ranked 147 Out Of 157 Countries Faring Below Average For Its Region And Income Group Particularly Disconcerting Is The Fact Angola Is Performing Below Comparator Income Groups And The Sub Saharan African Average For Child Survival Rates In Addition To The Particularly High Rate Of Stunting More Than One Third 38 Percent Of All Children Under The Age Of 5 Are Stunted Rates Vary Widely Across Provinces Ranging From 22 Percent In Cabinda To 51 Percent In Bi Although Wasting Is Far Less Common With Only 5 Percent Of Children Affected 19 Percent Are Underweight Perhaps Not Surprisingly Then Almost Two Thirds Of Children Are Anemic Above The Regional Average Of 60 Percent The Wash Sector Influences Human Capital Through Numerous Pathways Hence The Need To Invest In Cross Sector Interventions 2 Task Description The Nature Of The Activities To Be Performed Under This Assignment Will Require A Mixed Methods Approach Across Scales Ranging From A Desktop Rapid Political Economy Analysis And Institutional Assessment At The National Scale To Understand The Enabling Environment To More Detailed Quantitative And Qualitative Analyses Using Data Collected From Key Urban Areas With Substantial Problems Related To Access To Wash Services And Provision With A Particular Emphasis On The Sanitation Subsector This Analysis Will Include A Document Review And Where Data Exist A Rapid Economic Analysis To Understand The Financing Gaps And Implementation Bottlenecks As Well As Qualitative Surveys With Service Providers And Where They Exist Households And Members Of Community Organizations In Order To Identify Both Supply And Demand Constraints In The Delivery System And Finally Relevant Agencies And Other Stakeholders The Data Will Also Include A Real World Analysis Of The Key Constraints To Wash Specifically I The Ability And Willingness To Pay Including An Evaluation Of Existing Subsidies And Ii Access To Basic Sanitation And Excreta Management For People At Different Levels Of Human Development And Will Be Focused Around Four Sub Questions What Are The Constraints To Wash Specifically In Urban Areas And Sanitation Service Delivery In General Which Of These Constraints Have A Bearing On Human Development And How Which Of These Originate From Within The Wash Sector And Which From Outside What Are Potential Solutions To These Constraints Which Would Significantly Improve Human Development Thi

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